LITERACY : International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities
Journal Title: International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities Initials: LITERACY Frequency: april, august and december Print ISSN: 2829-3908 Online ISSN: 2829-3649 Editor in Chief: Dyah Palupiningtyas., SE., MSi DOI: 10.56910 Publisher: BADAN PENERBIT STIEPARI PRESS LITERACY : International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities E-ISSN: 2829-3649 (Online) / P-ISSN: 2829-3908 (print) published by the Publishing Agency STIEPARI PRESS. Publishing this journal aims to improve the quality of science, as well as channel interest in sharing and disseminating knowledge to academics, students, practitioners and observers of science. The editor accepts research articles related to Scientific Social, Education, Humanities and is published three times a year in april, august and december editions. Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 4 (Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 tanggal 21 Maret 2025 tentang Peringkat Akreditasi Baru Peringkat 4 mulai Volume 1 Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 6 Nomor 2 Tahun 2027. Indexed by : Journal Sponsors and Partners :
The Role of the Indonesian Migrant Worker Protection Service Center (BP3MI) in Gender-Responsive Protection in Cilacap in 2024
This study examines the Indonesian Migrant Worker Protection Service Center (BP3MI) of Central Java's role in providing gender-responsive protection to Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) from Cilacap Regency. Despite Cilacap being Central Java's largest PMI hub with 13,274 placements in 2024 (69.78% female), the persistence of 27 complaint cases ranking 9th nationally indicates significant gaps in gender-responsive protection services. This research aims to evaluate BP3MI's gender-responsive protection mechanisms and identify improvement areas for female PMI vulnerability mitigation. This qualitative study employed in-depth interviews with the Head of Protection and Empowerment Team at BP3MI Central Java, complemented by policy document analysis to assess current protection frameworks and implementation practices. Findings reveal BP3MI implements three-stage protection: pre-placement (Pre-Departure Orientation), placement (Indonesian Embassy collaboration), and post-placement (skills training). However, critical limitations emerge in gender-responsive implementation: absence of gender-differentiated OPP materials, lack of psychological counseling services, and suboptimal gender perspective integration. While early warning systems and gender-based risk profile databases exist, enhancement is required, particularly in psychosocial support and gender-based violence handling mechanisms. The study concludes that comprehensive policy strengthening and improved technical implementation are essential to optimize gender-responsive protection for PMI. Recommendations include developing gender-specific training modules, establishing dedicated psychological support services, and enhancing inter-agency coordination for better protection outcomes, particularly for female migrant workers who constitute the majority of PMI placements.
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Addressing the Global Deforestation Problem through the EU Deforestation Regulation and Producing Countries' Adaptation Processes
The European Union's awareness of the importance of forest protection and conservation has led to the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), which strictly regulates trade in commodities and products that contribute significantly to deforestation and forest degradation. In response to the establishment of this regulation, objections were raised by producer countries of related commodities and products, including Brazil, Ghana, and Indonesia. Therefore, this study will examine the responses and adaptation processes of Brazil, Ghana, and Indonesia to the implementation of the EUDR and analyze the handling of global deforestation through the EUDR from the perspective of Robyn Eckersley's green theory. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques through a literature review of various relevant studies. PEST analysis is used to review the political, economic, social, and technological impacts of the EUDR on producing countries. The results show that Brazil, Ghana, and Indonesia have adopted national approaches in preparing for EUDR implementation. The establishment of the EUDR is a commendable innovation in minimizing environmental damage through binding regulations; however, it is insufficient in reducing global deforestation rates, as these regulations only control access to the European Union market. Examining the EUDR from the perspective of green theory reveals that these regulations remain predominantly human-centric, and their formation process is not ideal based on the fundamental aspects outlined in green theory. Reviewing the impact of the EUDR on political, economic, social, and technological aspects in producer countries underscores the need for EU support for these countries, given the various challenges they face in the adaptation process, even though this regulation encourages more sustainable agricultural practices.
Evaluating the Planning and Implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Senior High Schools
Educational planning plays a strategic role in guiding the success of policy implementation at the school level. This study aims to evaluate the planning and implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Senior High Schools in Semarang City using the CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, Product). A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings show that in the context aspect, schools demonstrate strong support for the new curriculum, although challenges remain in terms of understanding and infrastructure. In the input aspect, teachers were actively involved in curriculum development, yet training and technical assistance remain suboptimal. The process aspect reveals collaborative efforts among teachers, but the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile projects and authentic assessment still face several obstacles. Meanwhile, in terms of product, teacher creativity and student participation have improved, although a comprehensive evaluation instrument for holistic learning outcomes is still lacking. These findings underscore the need to strengthen teacher training, reduce administrative burdens, and develop adaptive evaluation tools for future curriculum implementation.
The Implementation of Indonesia’s Blue Economy as a Global Role Strengthening in ASEAN Region
This article explores Indonesia’s Blue Economy implementation as a strategic effort to strengthen its maritime identity and global standing in the ASEAN region. The study focuses on the role of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) from 2022 to 2024 in promoting sustainable ocean development. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative method and grounded in classical liberalism theory, the research highlights the government’s responsibility in fostering a transparent, cooperative, and rules-based international maritime environment. One of the key initiatives analyzed is the 2022 Focus Group Discussion (FGD), which facilitated multi-stakeholder participation in the formulation of long-term aquaculture policies. These policies emphasize sustainability, institutional resilience, and community engagement. The FGD is seen as a platform for inclusive governance, where various actors contribute to building a more adaptive and sustainable maritime economy. The article also highlights the Kampung Nelayan Modern program in Papua as a concrete example of integrated community-based development. This program has resulted in improved productivity, access to facilities, and the overall welfare of coastal communities, showing how targeted investment can uplift marginalized regions. Additionally, the Ocean Big Data system is presented as a transformative tool in marine governance. This system enhances the ability of policymakers to make real-time, data-driven decisions, thereby improving monitoring, enforcement, and sustainable use of marine resources. Findings suggest that Indonesia’s Blue Economy approach significantly strengthens national maritime resilience and serves as a model for regional maritime diplomacy. Through strategic programs and digital innovation, Indonesia demonstrates how a developing archipelagic country can leverage sustainability as a tool for both domestic development and international influence. By linking internal reforms with regional collaboration, Indonesia positions itself as a normative leader in ASEAN, advancing economic growth while preserving ocean health.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior in Choosing Services
This study analyzes consumer behavior in purchasing hijab products from the Mandjha by Ivan Gunawan brand by examining the influence of product quality, price, promotion, and store location. The background of this research lies in the rapid development of the Muslim fashion industry in Indonesia, which has led to increasing competition among local hijab brands. The key issue explored is what factors most significantly influence consumer decisions to purchase Mandjha products. A qualitative descriptive method was used, involving interviews, observations, and documentation with selected consumers and marketing staff. The research identifies how consumers respond to various marketing elements implemented by the brand. Findings show that product quality—including fabric comfort, trendy design, and an exclusive image—remains the most influential factor in the buying decision. While the price reflects the quality and branding, it can be a limiting factor for some segments. Promotional strategies, especially through social media and celebrity endorsements, effectively increase brand awareness and emotional engagement, particularly among millennial consumers. Store accessibility and strategic locations also positively influence purchasing decisions, though to a lesser extent than product and promotion. Consumer behavior toward Mandjha products appears to be driven by a mix of rational considerations (price and quality) and emotional connections (branding and promotion). This dual influence suggests that companies should adopt an integrated marketing approach to build strong brand loyalty and sustain competitiveness. The study concludes that focusing on continuous product development, strategic pricing, creative promotional techniques, and accessible store placement is essential for maintaining consumer interest. It also recommends further research with quantitative methods and a larger, more diverse sample to validate and expand the findings.
Analysis of Visitor Reviews as an Indicator of Service Quality and Sustainability of Culinary Tourism Destinations in Semarang Regency
This study investigates the potential of online visitor reviews as valid indicators of service quality and sustainability in culinary tourism destinations, focusing on Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Amidst the increasing reliance on digital platforms for travel-related decision-making, the research addresses a critical problem: how user-generated content (UGC) can accurately reflect visitors’ experiences and perceptions, and how this information can be leveraged to support the sustainable development and continuous improvement of culinary tourism. The main objective is to extract key service quality dimensions and sustainability-related elements from online reviews by employing an integrative methodological framework. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining Natural Language Processing (NLP) specifically sentiment classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with qualitative thematic analysis using NVivo software. The data were collected from prominent digital platforms such as Google Reviews, TripAdvisor, and Instagram, representing diverse and large-scale visitor feedback. The analysis revealed that dimensions of service quality namely reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles frequently emerged in visitor comments, aligning with the SERVQUAL model. In parallel, sustainability indicators such as the promotion of local cultural identity, environmental cleanliness, waste management, and empowerment of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) were also prominent. These findings demonstrate that online reviews provide a rich, real-time, and scalable source of data that can support evidence-based strategies for improving culinary destination services and sustainability. The study contributes both theoretically and practically by offering a big data driven model for tourism evaluation. However, the research also acknowledges limitations in NLP accuracy for local dialects and informal expressions, as well as the digital divide that limits inclusivity. Future studies should refine linguistic models and expand the geographic scope for comparative insights.
The Role of Cross-Border Post in East Nusa Tenggara in Combating Human Trafficking
Human Trafficking is one of the most complex and organized forms of transnational crime, with the province of East Nusa Tenggara being one of the most vulnerable regions in Indonesia. East Nusa Tenggara geographical location, bordering Timor-Leste and having sea routes to Australia, coupled with high poverty rates and low education quality, makes the province a transit area and primary source of victims of Human Trafficking. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of State Border Crossing Posts in combating Human Trafficking in East Nusa Tenggara, focusing on three of State Border Crossing Posts : Wini, Motaain, and Motamasin. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through literature review, government documents, and interviews. The findings indicate that the presence of State Border Crossing Posts has positively contributed to surveillance, awareness-raising, and economic empowerment of border communities. However, its effectiveness is still limited by structural constraints such as insufficient human resources, infrastructure, inter-agency coordination, and difficulties reaching remote areas. Additionally, the role of non-state actors such as NGOs, religious organizations, and local communities has proven to be crucial in detecting, preventing, and assisting victims of human trafficking. This study recommends enhancing cross-sectoral coordination, strengthening institutional capacity, and increasing community involvement in the cross-border protection system more comprehensively.
A Comparative Study of Contextual Feminism : Saudi Arabian and Iranian Perspectives
The Feminism movement was born to represent women's long struggle to achieve gender equality and equal rights between women and men. In the context of the Middle East, feminism exists and develops complexly and contextually, especially in countries with Islamic-based legal systems such as Saudi Arabia and Iran. This research aims to analyze the differences in the top-down approach in Saudi Arabia and the bottom-up approach in Iran in influencing the direction of the feminism movement through the lens of postmodern feminism. This research uses a qualitative approach with a comparative study research type. The data that has been collected shows that Saudi Arabia, through the Saudi Vision 2030 program, seeks to increase the role of women in the economy and the public structurally from above or top down, after previously women lived in an environment with very patriarchal policies. In Iran, women face a repressive government system, but that is where the resistance movement from civil society is created. The perspective of postmodern feminism, especially the thoughts of Luce Irigaray, is used to read how women's bodies in these two countries become a political tool as well as a means of symbolic resistance to a system that is so masculine. This research also observes how the internet, digital media, and transnational feminist networks contribute to shaping resistance and awareness in different ways across both contexts. From this study, it can be concluded that feminism cannot be seen as something universal but is shaped by power relations, culture, ideology, and national policy. The feminist movements in Saudi Arabia and Iran reflect how feminism comes in two contrasting elements: one directed by the state, the other emerging organically from society.
Analysis of the Mechanism for Establishing Trademark Licenses and the Role of Notaries in Ensuring Legal Certainty in Indonesia
Trademark registration is very important to guarantee economic rights and exclusive rights for creators, this concerns the legal protection obtained. The problem then is Based on the author's analysis of various sectors of the Law, namely: First, Law Number 2 of 2014 in conjunction with Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary. Second, Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. Third, Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. It is clear that there is no Article at all that regulates the formation of a trademark license. The purpose of this study is to analyze: 1) Analyze and determine the mechanism for the formation of intellectual property rights for trademark licenses in the national legal system. 2) analyze and determine the urgency of Notary involvement in the formation of trademark licenses in Indonesia from the perspective of legal certainty. The approach method used in discussing this research problem is the type of normative legal research, using a legislative approach, an analytical approach and a conceptual approach. The data collection method uses literature studies and documentation studies. The results of this study conclude that: 1). The mechanism for establishing intellectual property rights over brand licenses in the national legal system uses the Ministerial Regulation under the Ministry of Law in this case the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number 67 of 2016 and HAM Concerning Trademark Registration through the Directorate General of Intellectual Property. Registration is carried out using the bureaucratic mechanism procedures that have been determined by the Ministerial Regulation and technical implementation through bureaucratic instruments at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Law and HAM. 2).
The Effect of Competence and Self-Efficacy on Performance Moderated by Transformational Leadership
This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of competence and self-efficacy on employee performance, with transformational leadership acting as a moderator, in the Regional Secretariat of Batang Regency. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 109 respondents, selected from a total population of 189 employees. The data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27, employing descriptive statistical tests, validity tests, reliability tests, and regression analysis to determine the relationships between the variables. The results of the study revealed several key findings. First, competence was found to have a negative and significant effect on employee performance. This suggests that higher levels of competence do not necessarily lead to improved performance, possibly due to other factors, such as organizational culture or work environment, that may counterbalance the effects of individual competence. Second, self-efficacy was found to have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. This indicates that employees who believe in their ability to perform tasks are more likely to achieve better results. Moreover, transformational leadership was found to strengthen the effect of competence on employee performance. This suggests that leaders who inspire and motivate their employees, encourage innovation, and provide a supportive work environment can enhance the positive impact of competence on performance. However, transformational leadership was also found to weaken the effect of self-efficacy on employee performance. This could be due to the fact that transformational leadership provides external motivation and guidance, which may reduce the reliance on employees' self-confidence in achieving performance goals. In conclusion, the study highlights the complex relationships between competence, self-efficacy, and performance, with transformational leadership playing a significant moderating role in these dynamics. The findings provide valuable insights for organizations seeking to enhance employee performance through leadership strategies.
The Effect of Compensation and Work Motivation on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable
This research aimed to describe and analyze the influence of compensation, work motivation, and job satisfaction on employee performance at the Batang Regency Regional Secretariat. A purposive sampling method was used to select 140 respondents for this study. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire with a 7-point Likert scale. The instruments were tested for validity and reliability. Validity testing was carried out through factor analysis, which examined the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and factor loading values to determine sample adequacy. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure consistency of the measurement. Hypothesis testing was performed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 27 and the Sobel Test software. The results of the study revealed several significant findings. First, compensation was found to have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, suggesting that employees who are well-compensated tend to be more satisfied with their jobs. Second, work motivation was also found to have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, indicating that motivated employees are likely to feel more satisfied in their work environment. Third, compensation was shown to have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, highlighting that adequate compensation contributes to improved performance levels. Similarly, work motivation had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, demonstrating that motivated employees tend to perform better in their roles. Additionally, job satisfaction had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, suggesting that satisfied employees are more likely to deliver high-quality work. However, the study also found that job satisfaction does not mediate the influence of competence on employee performance or the influence of work motivation on employee performance. These findings suggest that while compensation, motivation, and satisfaction are crucial to performance, other factors may be at play in determining how competence and motivation directly influence performance outcomes.
A Comparative Analysis of the Influence of ESG Performance and Controversy on Firm Value : a Comparison of Companies in Indonesia and Malaysia
This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance and controversies on firm value in Indonesia and Malaysia, two significant markets with differing regulatory environments. The research addresses three main questions: (1) Does ESG performance enhance firm value? (2) Does ESG controversy reduce firm value? (3) How do ESG performance and controversies differ between the two countries? Using panel data regression analysis, the study analyzes 41 Indonesian and 52 Malaysian non-financial firms (2020–2024) sourced from Refinitiv Eikon. Firm value is measured by Tobin’s Q, while ESG performance and controversies are assessed through composite scores ranging from 0 to 100. The results indicate that ESG performance significantly enhances firm value in Malaysia (β = 0.0387; p < 0.001), likely due to the standardized reporting requirements under the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance. In contrast, no significant effect is observed in Indonesia (β = 0.0068; p = 0.358), where the adoption of POJK 51/2017 remains voluntary. Regarding ESG controversies, no significant impact on firm value is found in either market (p > 0.05), suggesting that investors are not significantly concerned with sustainability scandals. However, Malaysian firms have superior ESG performance (mean = 58.62 vs. 52.50; p < 0.001), while Indonesian firms experience fewer controversies (mean = 98.60 vs. 96.59; p = 0.038). The study concludes that regulatory frameworks are crucial in transforming ESG commitments into market value, whereas weak enforcement mechanisms may prevent penalties for controversies. The findings highlight the need for ASEAN policymakers to harmonize ESG reporting standards and enhance investor education on sustainability risks.
Analysis of Consistency and Quality of Planning and Budgeting in Infrastructure Development in the Solok City Regional Government
This study examines the consistency and quality of infrastructure planning and budgeting within Solok City's local government in Indonesia, particularly focusing on the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning (DPUPR) and the Department of Housing and Settlement Areas (Diperkim). The research highlights the challenges in aligning strategic planning documents, such as the RPJMD 2021–2026, with annual implementation frameworks, including RKPD, KUA-PPAS, and APBD. These challenges were intensified by institutional restructuring and fiscal limitations. The research employs a descriptive case study methodology (Yin, 2009), utilizing primary data collected from structured interviews with 11 key government officials. Secondary data included relevant planning and budgeting documents from 2021–2025. To measure consistency, the Planning and Budgeting Consolidation Matrix (MKPP) was used, while quality was assessed based on Baer's (1997) criteria and the SAKIP performance indicators. The findings reveal that initial inconsistencies were evident between 2021 and 2022, largely due to the transfer of water and sanitation programs from Diperkim to DPUPR under Ministerial Decree No. 050-5889/2021. This caused misalignments between the RPJMD targets and the budgetary execution. However, by 2023–2025, the integration of the SIPD digital system and the standardization of nomenclatures led to full consistency (100%). Moreover, the quality of infrastructure planning and budgeting improved from "Adequate" to "Very Satisfactory" (SAKIP-AA) during this period, primarily due to enhanced procedural validity, better stakeholder participation, and a focus on performance-based budgeting. The study concludes that institutional restructuring, technological integration, and regulatory harmonization are crucial for achieving coherence between planning and budgeting. It recommends adopting flexible protocols for future administrative changes to ensure sustained infrastructure governance accountability.
Ego Defense Mechanisms in Dominic Toretto's Character: A Psychoanalytic Analysis of The Fate of The Furious
This study explores the ego defense mechanisms in Dominic Toretto’s character in The Fate of The Furious (2017), aiming to bridge the gap in understanding how psychological depth can operate within the narrative constraints of action cinema. Using Freudian psychoanalytic theory as the analytical framework, the research applies qualitative content analysis through a context-oriented approach. It examines how psychological responses unfold within the film’s narrative structure, genre conventions, and cultural values. The analysis focuses on selected scenes, character dialogue, and cinematic techniques to identify expressions of Toretto’s personality structure—Id, Ego, and Superego—and five key defense mechanisms: rationalization, suppression, displacement, isolation of affect, and sublimation. Findings show that Toretto’s psychological structure reflects a dynamic interplay between primal instincts (Id), rational mediation (Ego), and internalized morality (Superego). This interplay creates intense psychological tension, requiring a set of ego defenses to manage internal conflict. Each mechanism serves a distinct adaptive function, translating emotional distress into calculated action. For instance, rationalization justifies morally ambiguous decisions, while sublimation channels emotional turmoil into mission success. These mechanisms allow Toretto to navigate high-stakes situations, balance conflicting loyalties, and maintain both operational and emotional stability. The study concludes that action films can successfully integrate psychological complexity without diminishing entertainment value. Defense mechanisms serve not only as coping strategies but also as narrative tools that highlight emotional resilience and moral ambiguity. By applying a systematic psychoanalytic framework to an action hero, this research offers a new methodological model for character analysis in genre cinema. Moreover, it shows how psychological elements reflect contemporary cultural ideals, particularly concerning family loyalty, sacrifice, and emotional endurance in modern society.
The Influence of Emotional Labor on Service Quality with Burnout as a Mediating Variable
The existence of inconsistent nursing practices in realizing quality services causes complaints experienced by both patients and nurses. This inconsistency can be attributed to various factors, two of which are emotional labor and burnout. Emotional labor, specifically deep acting and surface acting, plays a significant role in how nurses regulate their emotions to meet professional expectations, which may impact their perceived service quality. Meanwhile, burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, is a psychological response to prolonged work-related stress and is commonly experienced by nurses in high-pressure environments. This study aims to determine the effect of deep acting and surface acting on service quality, with burnout as a mediating variable. The research utilized a quantitative survey design. Respondents consisted of 249 nurses selected through cluster random sampling. Instruments used in this study included the Service Quality Scale, Emotional Labor Scale, and Burnout Scale. Mediation testing was conducted using Hayes' PROCESS macro to analyze the indirect effects. The analysis results showed that burnout significantly mediates the relationship between emotional labor and service quality. Specifically, burnout mediates the effect of deep acting (b = 0.20, 95% CI [0.05–0.37]) and surface acting (b = 0.20, 95% CI [–0.40 to –0.132]) on service quality. These findings indicate that both deep acting and surface acting influence service quality, either directly or through the mediating effect of burnout. Understanding these relationships is crucial for hospital management to develop strategies that reduce burnout and promote effective emotional regulation among nurses. Interventions such as emotional resilience training and supportive work environments may help enhance service quality by managing emotional labor more effectively and reducing the negative impact of burnout.
Comparison of Visitor Preferences and Satisfaction Between Old and New Markets in Semarang City
This study examines visitor satisfaction and market preferences in traditional and modern markets in Semarang City, Indonesia, focusing on five key variables: product price, product quality, service quality, market facilities, and market atmosphere. The research addresses the declining competitiveness of traditional markets amid urban modernization and the rise of modern and digital retail systems. The goal is to identify dominant factors influencing consumer preferences and satisfaction in hybrid market competition. A quantitative method was used, involving a structured questionnaire distributed to market visitors. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to determine the impact of each variable on consumer satisfaction and market preferences. The results indicate that service quality is the most influential factor, followed by product quality and market facilities. While product price and market atmosphere also play roles, their effects are less significant. These findings suggest that consumer behavior is shaped not only by economic considerations, but also by the overall shopping experience and service interactions. The model used in this study has a high explanatory value (R² = 0.914), reflecting the strength of the predictive framework. This confirms that enhancing service and improving physical infrastructure are key to increasing the appeal of traditional markets. This research contributes to discussions on retail transformation and offers insights for local governments, market administrators, and vendors. It emphasizes the need to balance modernization efforts with improvements in traditional retail spaces. However, the study is limited to a specific region and does not explore digital market influences. Future research should broaden the geographic scope, incorporate online shopping behavior, and use longitudinal approaches to better inform policy and strategic development.
A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Decision-Making Process Following The Palu Triple Disaster (2018-2025)
This report provides a longitudinal analysis of decision-making processes in managing the earthquake, tsunami, and liquefaction disasters that struck Palu, Central Sulawesi, from 2018 to 2025. The combination of these disasters—particularly the unprecedented scale of liquefaction—positions Palu as a distinctive case study in crisis governance. The study traces the evolution of decision-making from the immediate aftermath of the disaster to the later phases of rehabilitation and reconstruction. In the emergency response phase, decisions were predominantly intuitive and reactive, shaped by the constraints of bounded rationality, limited information, and urgent life-saving priorities. As the situation transitioned into rehabilitation and reconstruction, the approach shifted toward more structured, analytical, and data-driven decision-making models. This transformation reflected the incorporation of lessons learned from early challenges, the integration of multi-stakeholder perspectives, and the adoption of systematic planning tools. The triple disaster also acted as a critical juncture that catalyzed structural reforms in policy, particularly in spatial planning and disaster risk reduction at both regional and national levels. Policy shifts included stricter zoning regulations, enhanced building standards, and the institutionalization of community-based disaster preparedness programs. Through its longitudinal perspective, the report examines key decisions taken during different phases, highlighting the interplay between political will, institutional capacity, and community resilience. It also identifies major implementation challenges, such as coordination gaps among agencies, resource limitations, and socio-cultural factors influencing local compliance. The analysis concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at strengthening future disaster governance. These include enhancing early warning systems, mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development planning, improving inter-agency coordination, and fostering sustained community engagement. By capturing the dynamic nature of decision-making over time, this report contributes valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars seeking to improve resilience in disaster-prone regions.
Optimization of Local Wisdom-Based Ecotourism as a Pillar of Sustainable Green Tourism in Kledung District, Temanggung Regency
Research on sustainable tourism in Kledung, Central Java, plays a crucial role, especially in today’s modern era, where environmental conservation and local community empowerment have become top priorities. With the rapid development of the tourism sector, it is necessary to identify and implement development models aligned with the principles of sustainable tourism and the preservation of local wisdom to achieve long-term sustainability. The roles of the central government, local government, and tourism business stakeholders are also essential in realizing sustainable tourism. Kledung District, located at the foot of Mount Sindoro and Mount Sumbing, holds significant potential to be developed as a green tourism destination by integrating natural beauty, cultural richness, and local wisdom. The aim of this research is to optimize the tourism potential of Kledung through an ecotourism and sustainable green tourism approach rooted in local wisdom. By utilizing the area's natural wealth and strong cultural traditions, Kledung is envisioned as an environmentally friendly tourism destination. As stated by, environmentally conscious sustainable development and improvement are necessary to ensure the preservation of resources and that the benefits can be enjoyed by both present and future generations. Furthermore, emphasizes that ecotourism empowers local communities to preserve their traditions and culture while also gaining economic benefits from tourism activities. The concept of ecotourism will be integrated with sustainability principles, focusing not only on environmental conservation but also on local community empowerment and social welfare improvement. This study analyzes the natural and cultural potential as well as the environmental impacts of tourism to ensure sustainability. Supporting the view of , the economic aspect of sustainable tourism includes sustainable income and community involvement in cultural preservation. The research is expected to provide recommendations for more effective and sustainable tourism development in Kledung, along with an innovative and inclusive tourism management mode. The aim of this research is to optimize the tourism potential of Kledung through an ecotourism and sustainable green tourism approach rooted in local wisdom. By utilizing the area's natural wealth and strong cultural traditions, Kledung is envisioned as an environmentally friendly tourism destination. As stated by [2], environmentally conscious sustainable development and improvement are necessary to ensure the preservation of resources and that the benefits can be enjoyed by both present and future generations. Furthermore, [3] emphasizes that ecotourism empowers local communities to preserve their traditions and culture while also gaining economic benefits from tourism activities. The concept of ecotourism will be integrated with sustainability principles, focusing not only on environmental conservation but also on local community empowerment and social welfare improvement. This study analyzes the natural and cultural potential as well as the environmental impacts of tourism to ensure sustainability. Supporting the view of [4], the economic aspect of sustainable tourism includes sustainable income and community involvement in cultural preservation. The research is expected to provide recommendations for more effective and sustainable tourism development in Kledung, along with an innovative and inclusive tourism management mode
Implementation of Role Play to Stimulate the Expressive Language Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children at Ngariboyo 2 Kindergarten, Magetan Regency
This study aims to describe the effectiveness of role-playing as a method to stimulate expressive language skills in children aged 5–6 years in Ngariboyo 2 Kindergarten, Magetan Regency. The research method applied was qualitative descriptive with a total of 16 research subjects in group B, consisting of 9 boys and 7 girls. Information was obtained through participatory observation, interviews with teachers and principals, and collection of activity documents. Observations were made three times with different themes, namely traditional markets, hospitals, and post offices, to observe the gradual development of children's expressive language. The results showed that role-playing activities can improve various aspects of children's expressive language, such as the ability to express new vocabulary, compose sentences from simple to more complex, and the courage to ask questions and answer in relevant social contexts. Children can also make use of intonation and facial expressions according to the characters being played, as well as improvise in dialogue without completely relying on the teacher's instructions. Key elements that support the success of this activity include a fun learning environment, the availability of appropriate props, and teacher innovation in determining themes related to children's daily experiences. In conclusion, role-playing not only serves as a means of entertainment, but it has also proven to be successful as a contextual learning method that can encourage the development of expressive language in early childhood. This activity should be done regularly as part of learning in kindergarten so that children can become more confident, creative, and active in interacting.
An Analysis of the Role of Cooperative Learning Approach on Students’ Character Building in English Learning
This study explores the role of cooperative learning methods, particularly the Learning Together model, in shaping student character at UPTD SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsitoli. The research employed a qualitative approach, collecting data through classroom observation of 22 eighth-grade students and interviews with an English teacher. The focus was on how cooperative learning fosters essential values such as responsibility, tolerance, collaboration, and effective communication, which are closely aligned with the dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile. Findings reveal that the Learning Together model effectively enhances students’ social interactions, mutual respect, and willingness to participate actively in group discussions. It also promotes a sense of accountability by encouraging students to contribute ideas, support one another, and take shared responsibility for group outcomes. Beyond academic improvement, the model cultivates positive character traits that are necessary for holistic student development. Nevertheless, several challenges emerged during implementation. Some students displayed low self-confidence, while others struggled due to limited learning time and restricted access to teaching materials or supplementary resources. These barriers highlight the need for improved classroom support, extended learning opportunities, and diversified materials to optimize the effectiveness of cooperative learning. Overall, this research demonstrates that cooperative learning, when applied to English lessons, not only strengthens language skills but also nurtures character values essential for preparing students to meet future challenges. The study offers practical implications for educators, suggesting that balanced teaching strategies integrating academic competence with character development are vital within the Merdeka Curriculum framework. By addressing both cognitive and affective dimensions, teachers can create meaningful learning experiences that encourage students to grow as capable, responsible, and socially aware individuals.
Challenges in Law Enforcement Against Corporate Tax Crimes: Evaluation of Global Instruments
Economic globalization has increasingly complicated efforts to enforce laws against multinational corporate tax crimes, particularly those involving cross-border tax avoidance and evasion. This study seeks to address two main research questions: first, what are the legal barriers to implementing global instruments such as the OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project and the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations in Indonesia? Second, what institutional obstacles hinder their enforcement? Employing a normative juridical method through an extensive literature review, this study identifies several challenges. On the legal side, Indonesia faces disharmony between domestic regulations and international standards, creating gaps that can be exploited by corporations. Weak sanctions and persistent legal loopholes further undermine the effectiveness of enforcement. On the institutional side, barriers include limited human resource capacity, insufficient expertise in international tax matters, and weak inter-agency coordination. Additionally, inadequate technological infrastructure limits the ability of authorities to monitor and analyze complex cross-border transactions effectively. These factors collectively reduce Indonesia’s capacity to prevent and address multinational tax avoidance schemes. To overcome these challenges, the study recommends aligning national tax laws more closely with international frameworks, strengthening sanction regimes to deter violations, and closing loopholes that are routinely manipulated by corporations. Moreover, it emphasizes the need to enhance institutional capacity through specialized training, improved inter-agency cooperation, and the adoption of advanced digital technologies to support enforcement. By addressing these barriers holistically, Indonesia can improve its effectiveness in combating corporate tax crimes in the context of global economic integration.
The Effect of Memory Game on Reading Comprehension Skill of Eighth Grade Students at UPTD SMP Negeri 3 Mandrehe
This study aims to examine the effect of using a memory game as a teaching medium on the reading comprehension skills of eighth-grade students at UPTD SMP Negeri 3 Mandrehe. A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent pretest-posttest design was implemented with 60 purposively selected students, who were divided into two groups: a control group and an experimental group. The control group received conventional teaching methods, while the experimental group was taught using a memory game from the Interacty platform. Data were collected through multiple-choice reading comprehension tests administered before and after the treatment. The results were analyzed using paired and independent sample t-tests as well as N-Gain calculations to measure the improvement in reading comprehension skills. The analysis revealed that the experimental group showed a significantly higher improvement in reading comprehension, with an N-Gain score of 0.792 (high) compared to the control group’s 0.244 (low). The findings indicate that memory games effectively enhance vocabulary retention, increase student motivation, improve focus, and create an engaging classroom atmosphere. By incorporating memory games, students became more actively involved in learning, which contributed to improved reading comprehension skills. The study concludes that memory games are a valuable tool for improving reading comprehension and fostering an enjoyable and meaningful learning experience. Therefore, it is recommended that memory games be integrated into junior high school English instruction as an innovative teaching strategy to enhance students’ reading skills. The research highlights the potential of interactive and engaging methods in facilitating language learning, thus suggesting that educators should consider adopting such approaches to improve educational outcomes in reading comprehension.
Analysis of the Impact of the Tiktok Shop on Msmes In Nanggalo District, Padang City
This study aims to answer the question: what is the impact of TikTok Shop on MSMEs in Nanggalo District, Padang City? The method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and document study. Informants consisted of MSMEs who used and did not use TikTok Shop, as well as active consumers of the platform. The results showed that MSMEs who utilized TikTok Shop experienced increased revenue and expanded market reach. Conversely, MSMEs that had not used this platform faced decreased revenue and difficulties in promotion. This study concluded that digital literacy and adaptation to social commerce technologies such as TikTok Shop are important factors in increasing MSME competitiveness in the digital era. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for technology-based MSME development policies and strategies.
Emotional Regulation in Only Children : Understanding Behavioral Patterns, Parental Influence, and Social Adaptation
Emotional regulation includes efforts to accept emotions, control impulsive behavior, and the ability to use emotional regulation strategies appropriately and flexibly according to situational demands. It plays a significant role in maintaining mental well-being and fostering healthy interpersonal relationships. This study aims to explore and describe the emotional regulation strategies employed by only children, given the unique familial and social environment in which they are raised. The subjects in this study were three only children aged between 15 and 21 years, selected using purposive sampling techniques. The research employed a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to gain a deep un-derstanding of their emotional experiences and regulation strategies. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that all three subjects were gen-erally able to regulate their emotions effectively. They demonstrated self-awareness of their emotional states and employed various coping strategies, such as engaging in enjoyable activities like listening to music, exercising, journaling, or spending time in nature. In moments of emotional distress, they tended to seek social interaction rather than withdrawing or isolating themselves. This proactive engagement helped them maintain emotional balance and gain support from their social environment. Additionally, the subjects showed an ability to reflect on their feelings and manage impulsive reactions in challenging situations. Family support, particularly from parents, was found to play a crucial role in shaping their emotional coping mechanisms. The study concludes that only children, despite not having siblings, are capable of developing healthy emotional regulation skills through supportive environments and adap-tive personal strategies.
Examining the Impact of Learning Motivation on Students' Mathematical Ability at SMPN 1 Mejobo, Indonesia
Learning motivation is a critical factor influencing students' academic achievement, especially in subjects like mathematics, which is often perceived as challenging. Students with high motivation are generally more enthusiastic, engaged, and active in their learning process. They tend to take the initiative in understanding the material and seek additional resources to reinforce their knowledge. On the other hand, students with low motivation are less likely to actively participate, leading to lower engagement and achievement. This study aims to investigate the correlation between students' mathematical aptitude and their motivation to learn, particularly focusing on how motivation influences their performance in mathematics. A quantitative approach using a correlational technique was applied in this study. The sample consisted of 77 seventh-grade students who were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a mathematical aptitude test on algebraic concepts and a questionnaire designed to assess students' learning motivation. The data analysis included normality and linearity tests, followed by Spearman’s correlation analysis to determine the relationship between mathematical aptitude and motivation. The analysis revealed that the data followed a normal distribution and had a linear relationship between the variables. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.544, with a significance value of 0.000, indicating a moderately strong and statistically significant positive relationship. This suggests that students with higher motivation tend to have better mathematical aptitude. The findings emphasize the crucial role of learning motivation in academic success, especially in mathematics. Motivated students are more likely to achieve higher academic performance. Therefore, it is important for schools and teachers to create a supportive and engaging learning environment that fosters motivation, which can ultimately lead to improved mathematical learning outcomes.
The Influence of Perceived Social Support on Loneliness Among Students Who Have Confided in Artificial Intelligence
Students today are increasingly exposed to both academic and social pressures that arise from rapid environmental and contextual changes within educational settings. These pressures often create psychological burdens that can manifest in negative emotional states, such as feelings of loneliness, especially when students perceive that they lack sufficient social support to help them adapt and cope with such challenges. Loneliness, in turn, can reduce well-being, hinder social functioning, and negatively affect academic performance. In recent years, with the advancement of digital technology, some students have turned to Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems as an alternative outlet for sharing personal feelings, confiding in AI chatbots when they feel isolated or unsupported. While this may provide temporary relief, the presence of social support from peers, family, and significant others is still considered a crucial protective factor against loneliness. This study was conducted to examine the effect of perceived social support on loneliness among students who reported having previously confided in AI. A quantitative approach was employed, using purposive sampling to target students fitting the criteria. Data were gathered through online questionnaires distributed to 384 respondents from various academic backgrounds. To test the research hypothesis, simple linear regression analysis was performed, enabling the exploration of the direct relationship between perceived social support and loneliness in the context of AI-mediated coping behaviors. The results of the analysis indicated that perceived social support has a negative and significant effect on loneliness among students who have confided in AI. Specifically, perceived social support accounted for 34.3% of the variance in loneliness levels. This finding suggests that when students perceive stronger and more reliable social support, their tendency to experience loneliness decreases, even if they also utilize AI as an outlet for self-disclosure.
Literature Study of the Sociological Approach of the Family as a Pillar of Resilience and Preparedness to Face Disasters in Indonesia
Indonesia is highly vulnerable to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and floods. In this context, families play a crucial role as pillars of resilience and preparedness for disasters. This study aims to review existing literature related to the role of families in building resilience and disaster preparedness in Indonesia. This study illustrates the importance of the family's role in facing various natural disasters that are common in Indonesia. The family not only functions as a basic unit in society but also as the first agent in disaster risk mitigation. Through this role, families can strengthen the capacity of individuals and communities in facing emergency situations. This literature review includes an analysis of various studies that have been conducted on family strategies in increasing resilience to disasters, including disaster education at home, provision of emergency equipment, and evacuation plans. In addition, it also discusses how government policies and community support can strengthen the role of families in disaster preparedness. The literature review shows that families with good knowledge and preparedness can reduce the negative impact of disasters. Families that have implemented disaster preparedness practices tend to be more able to survive and recover quickly after a disaster occurs. Government and community support are also found to be very important in strengthening family resilience. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the important role of families in facing disasters in Indonesia and to identify factors that support family resilience. This study emphasizes that families have a vital role in disaster preparedness and resilience. With appropriate education, government support, and community involvement, families can be a key pillar in disaster mitigation strategies, which in turn will reduce losses and accelerate the post-disaster recovery process
Eco-Theology from a Christian Perspective (A Study of Verses on Environmental Conservation)
This article discusses ecotheology in the perspective of Christianity by examining Genesis 1:26–28 and Psalm 24 as biblical foundations for human responsibility toward the environment. The purpose of this study is to explore the theological understanding of the cultural mandate and divine ownership in relation to the preservation of creation. The research employed a library study method with a qualitative-descriptive approach, analyzing biblical texts, theological literature, and previous studies. The findings show that humans are called to be stewards of creation, not arbitrary rulers, so that the management of nature must be carried out with full accountability to God. The integration of Genesis 1:26–28 and Psalm 24 provides a theological framework that emphasizes the balance between authority and ecological responsibility. Thus, Christian ecotheology is not merely conceptual but also a practical calling for the church and believers to make environmental preservation an integral part of faith and worship to God.
Hardiness in Student Survivors of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders in Yogyakarta
Students with mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder encounter significantly more complex challenges compared to individuals without such conditions, particularly when these disorders occur alongside academic demands. This study seeks to explore the resilience, or hardiness, of students in Yogyakarta who have survived schizophrenia and bipolar disorder by employing a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological approach. The participants involved one main subject living with the disorder and one significant other as an additional perspective. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and subsequently analyzed thematically using Kobasa’s three dimensions of hardiness: control, commitment, and challenge. Findings indicate that the subject made efforts to regulate emotions even though self-control often fluctuated, demonstrated a consistent commitment to persistence in pursuing personal and academic objectives, and perceived difficulties as opportunities to learn and foster growth. The development of hardiness in the subject was shaped by self-awareness, the presence of supportive social networks, and accumulated life experiences that enhanced adaptability. Despite these strengths, the study revealed that the subject still faced instability in emotional management, which highlights the need for further reinforcement in maintaining stability and coping strategies. Overall, the research emphasizes that while students with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder possess the potential to develop resilience through personal and external resources, ongoing support remains crucial for sustaining their psychological well-being and academic success.
Development of a Social Guidance Program Based on Erik Erikson’s Theory to Foster an Edupreneurial Spirit in Early Adulthood
This study aims to develop a social guidance program based on Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, specifically at the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage, to foster an edupreneurial spirit among individuals in early adulthood (ages 19–30). The research addresses challenges faced by young adults, including limited capacity to form meaningful social relationships, low collaboration levels, and minimal interest in social entrepreneurship—factors that hinder optimal personal growth in educational and social contexts. The primary objective is to produce a guidance program that empowers young adults to build healthy, productive relationships while instilling edupreneurial values such as collaboration, social initiative, and network-based learning. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, the study follows the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Data collection involved observations, interviews, and validation questionnaires, analyzed through thematic qualitative techniques and quantitative methods including descriptive statistics and difference testing. The resulting program is expected to be both feasible and effective, suitable for implementation in higher education institutions and youth communities. It contributes to the cultivation of entrepreneurial character grounded in social values and interpersonal development. The findings highlight the importance of integrating psychosocial theory into educational interventions to support youth empowerment and sustainable social innovation. Furthermore, the program offers practical implications for educators, counselors, and youth facilitators seeking to enhance relational competencies and entrepreneurial mindset among young adults in diverse social settings.
The Role of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in Increasing Public Trust in Investment in Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the role of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in increasing public trust in investment in Indonesia. As an independent institution, OJK has a strategic function in supervising and regulating the entire financial services sector, including the capital market, banking, and non-bank financial industry. Public trust is a key element in creating a healthy and sustainable investment climate. Through strict supervision policies, public education, and law enforcement against illegal investment violations, OJK seeks to strengthen the foundation of public trust. One of the concrete steps is the issuance of POJK No.17/2022 concerning the Code of Conduct for Investment Managers. This study uses a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the study show that OJK's efforts in increasing transparency, expanding financial literacy, and taking firm action against illegal investment practices have made a significant contribution to increasing public trust. However, challenges such as low financial literacy and rampant investment fraud are still obstacles that need to be overcome. Therefore, synergy is needed between the OJK, the government, and the community to build a safe and reliable investment ecosystem. This research provides the implication that strengthening regulations, continuous education, and cross-sector collaboration are important strategies in maintaining the stability and integrity of the investment sector in Indonesia.
The Effect of Practical Learning and Field Work Practical Experience on the Work Readiness of Vocational School Students in The Expertise of Building Design, Modeling and Information
Vocational High Schools (SMKs) are educational institutions that emphasize equipping students with specific skills that can be directly applied in the workforce, aiming to reduce unemployment rates. However, unemployment in Indonesia remains significantly high among SMK graduates, which is largely attributed to the low work readiness of students. This study aims to examine the influence of practical learning and field work practical experience (PKL) on the work readiness of class XII students in the Building Design, Modeling, and Information Expertise Program (DPIB) at SMK Negeri 6 Malang, both partially and simultaneously. The research employed a quantitative approach using a saturated sampling technique, with all 89 students of class XII DPIB participating as respondents. Data collection was conducted through structured questionnaires and observations. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, multiple regression analysis, multiple correlation analysis, and calculations of relative and effective contributions, assisted by IBM SPSS Statistics software. The results indicate that both practical learning and field work experience have a significant and positive effect on students’ work readiness. When analyzed partially, each variable contributes differently: practical learning accounts for an effective contribution of 15.9% while field work experience contributes 48.2%. In terms of relative contribution, practical learning accounts for 24.8% and field work experience 75.2%. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that practical learning and field work experience significantly enhance the readiness of students to enter the workforce. This highlights the importance of integrating hands-on learning experiences and real-world field work into vocational education to better prepare students for professional environments and improve their employability. The study recommends that SMKs continue to strengthen practical learning curricula and provide ample field work opportunities to ensure graduates possess both the technical skills and work readiness necessary for successful employment.
Development in Marketing : Building Prices, Place and Promotion at Slamet Hadipriyanto Batik, Banyumas
The research was conducted in an effort to develop the marketing with the aim of establishing pricing, place, and promotion in the industry. The methodology applied in this study is qualitative, using a case study framework that combines exclusive interviews with owners, managers, and employees. By focusing on these aspects of the marketing mix, batik entrepreneurs A comprehensive marketing plan allows businesses to effectively reach their target audience, drive sales and build a strong brand presence. Strategies include understanding customer needs through market research, using digital channels like social media for visibility, creating compelling content and messaging, investing in paid advertising to target specific demographics, and analyzing performance to refine the overall strategy for growth and customer loyalty. Therefore, based on considerations of competitive and sustainable prices, strategic and centralized location placement, and the implementation of targeted and comprehensive promotional activities, it is expected that the quality of marketing in the batik industry can run effectively and efficiently through strengthening the development of a targeted and centralized marketing mix carried out by business actors. This approach clearly involves market segmentation, targeting, and positioning in order to adjust strategies to meet and complement needs and preferences. By focusing on these aspects of the marketing mix, batik entrepreneurs can effectively reach their target audience, increase sales, and build a strong brand presence in the market. A strategy that is able to stimulate customer buying interest is a very essential part in creating a diverse buyer community that always becomes a sustainable customer who participates in building and developing segmentation and sales targets for batik products in the region. In this study it was found developing marketing built through price, place and promotion in industry as a very important strategy in efforts to design and effective marketing campaigns to achieve business goals.
Coaching Quran Recitation for Teenagers with Muqri' at the Quran Boarding School
This study investigates the role of muqri’ in guiding Qur’anic recitation (tilawah) among adolescents at Pondok Qur’an Hj. Adam Lubis and Hj. Kartini Batubara, Medan, Indonesia. Adolescence is a critical stage in character and spiritual development, where Qur’anic education contributes to shaping both technical recitation skills and moral values. However, limited research has examined how muqri’ as experts in qira’at influence adolescent learning processes and outcomes. The purpose of this research is to explore the methods employed by muqri’, assess their impact on students’ technical and spiritual development, and evaluate the effectiveness of talaqqi and talqin approaches in Qur’anic recitation training. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth semi-structured interviews with one senior student and two muqri’, and documentation analysis. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Trustworthiness was ensured through triangulation, member checks, and audit trails following Lincoln and Guba’s criteria. Findings show that muqri’ play a multidimensional role as instructors, role models, and spiritual mentors. The talaqqi method, characterized by direct teacher-student interaction, proved effective in correcting errors immediately and fostering motivation. The talqin process further enriched learning by integrating spiritual practices with technical mastery. Students reported increased fluency, better tajwid application, and stronger motivation to pursue excellence in Qur’anic recitation, including aspirations to compete internationally. In conclusion, this study highlights the essential role of muqri’ in developing both recitation skills and spiritual values, offering a replicable model for Qur’anic education in similar institutions.
Utilization of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform to Improve Teachers' Pedagogical Competence at Public Elementary School 2 Sarolangun
The Merdeka Mengajar (PMM) Platform is one of the applications used as an implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This software offers a number of tools that can be used by educators to improve teaching standards. This research is a qualitative study using a descriptive method. This research was conducted at SDN 2 Sarolangun. The subjects of this research were the principal, teachers, and students at SDN 2 Sarolangun. The research instruments were interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this study was qualitative data analysis which included data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are (1) the school policy in utilizing the Merdeka Mengajar Platform has been implemented but is not yet fully optimal because some teachers still experience technical obstacles and limited digital literacy. Continuous support and mentoring are needed so that this policy can maximize teachers' pedagogical competence, (2) in utilizing the Merdeka Mengajar Platform, teachers have utilized various features such as teaching modules and learning videos, but some teachers still do not consistently use them in planning and implementing learning. (3) Challenges and obstacles in utilizing the platform include limited internet connections, a lack of technological devices, and adapting to new features. (4) School efforts to overcome these obstacles include taking several steps, such as providing Wi-Fi, facilitating training, and providing guidance in using the platform.
The Effect of Sport Enjoyment, Physical Activity, and Physical Fitness on the Academic Achievement of Elementary School Students in Malang Regency
Academic achievement reflects the quality of human resources. With high academic performance, it is hoped that the country can produce a smart and competitive young generation in the global era. Sport enjoyment in the PJOK subject is an important factor in increasing active participation among elementary school students. Game-based physical activities not only encourage students to move actively but also help develop important components of physical fitness. This research aims to investigate the direct and indirect impact of sport enjoyment, physical activity levels, and physical fitness on students' academic achievement. This quantitative research uses a multivariate path analysis design involving 194 elementary school students in Malang Regency. Data collection was conducted using two standardized instruments: the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children, as well as through direct measurement of physical fitness using the Indonesian Student Fitness Test. Research results indicate that the excitement of exercising has a significant impact on the physical activity levels of students. Excitement and levels of physical activity also positively influence physical fitness. The excitement in exercising has been proven to have a positive influence both directly and indirectly on academic achievement through physical fitness. This finding emphasizes the importance of developing enjoyable physical activities in PJOK learning to support students' physical development and academic achievement. Teachers are advised to apply game-based learning methods to maintain student participation and foster healthy lifelong habits.
Analysis of the Destination Image of Malioboro Yogyakarta through Social Media Reviews
This study analyzes the destination image of Malioboro, Yogyakarta, through the lens of social-media reviews, which increasingly shape how tourists form expectations and evaluate their experiences. The research addresses a central problem: while traditional survey-based approaches have long dominated destination image studies, they often impose rigid categories and overlook the spontaneous, nuanced perceptions expressed online. Conversely, sentiment counts from social media can be overly simplistic, failing to explain the reasons behind positive or negative evaluations. The objective of this study is to bridge these gaps by examining user-generated content (UGC) from TripAdvisor, Google Maps, and an open-access Twitter dataset to capture both qualitative themes and basic sentiment benchmarks. A descriptive-qualitative method was applied, supported by simple quantitative summaries, to code reviews into thematic categories such as cultural authenticity and atmosphere, shopping and price/value, crowding and comfort, cleanliness and environment, and accessibility and pedestrian experience. The results show that Malioboro’s image remains strongly positive overall, with cultural vibrancy, affordability, and central accessibility being its strengths, while crowd density and localized cleanliness issues emerge as persistent challenges. These findings are consistent with prior Indonesian and international studies, while extending them by showing how UGC directly constructs image attributes. The study concludes that social-media reviews are not only reflective but also constitutive of destination image, offering timely insights for managers and policymakers to sustain competitiveness. Limitations include the exclusion of visual UGC and reliance on publicly available data; future research could integrate multimodal analysis and longitudinal designs to track evolving perceptions.
Internalization of Noble Values in Consumer Behavior (A Study on the Phenomenon of Online Shopping among Millennials)
Internalization of moral values is a control mechanism for balancing consumer behavior. This study aims to analyze how moral values can be internalized in the consumer behavior of the millennial generation, particularly in the online shopping phenomenon. The development of sophisticated technology, the availability of online ordering for all needs, and the ease of transactions have given rise to new consumption patterns that often lead to excessive consumer behavior. Moral values, which include honesty, simplicity, responsibility, and local wisdom, can serve as a moral control mechanism in addressing consumer culture. This study used a qualitative approach with literature review and observation of millennial online shopping behavior. The results show that internalization of moral values can foster wise consumption behavior, prioritizing needs over wants, and maintaining a balance between material satisfaction and spiritual values. The implications of this research are the importance of culturally based values education and digital literacy in efforts to shape a healthy consumer generation of millennials.
This study investigates the role of human resource management (HRM) practices in implementing ISO 9001 quality management systems within food and beverage companies. Using a qualitative case study methodology with triangulation techniques, the research examined PT Pringsewu Cemerlang's ISO 9001 implementation through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis involving 32 informants across management, supervisory, and operational levels. The findings reveal that strategic HRM practices significantly enhance ISO 9001 implementation effectiveness, with overall service quality improving by 24.2%. Employee competency development emerged as the primary mediating mechanism, demonstrating 96.4% training completion rates and 76.8% job performance transfer effectiveness. Training and development (4.2/5.0) and communication systems (4.1/5.0) proved most impactful in facilitating quality improvements across reliability (35.5% improvement), responsiveness (21.2%), and comfort/assurance (17.1%) dimensions. The study identifies three critical integration mechanisms: (1) standardization of work procedures and customer service protocols, (2) systematic competency development aligned with ISO 9001 requirements, and (3) enhanced communication systems supporting organizational change. However, persistent challenges include employee resistance (32.4%) and cross-branch consistency issues (22.1%), highlighting the importance of cultural transformation in quality management success. Theoretical contributions extend the resource-based view of strategic HRM by demonstrating how human capital resources generate competitive advantage through quality management integration. Practical implications provide actionable frameworks for food and beverage companies seeking to leverage HRM practices for sustainable quality improvements. The research challenges previous skepticism regarding ISO 9001's tangible benefits by showing how effective human resource management unlocks operational improvement potential in industry contexts.
Digital Application-Based Parenting Management to Optimize Parents Educational Interaction with Early Childhood in the Context of Sustainable Education
This study examines the implementation of digital application-based parenting management to optimize educational interactions between parents and early childhood children in Ngaliyan area, Semarang City. The digital era demands transformation of parenting patterns that are more adaptive and integrated with technology. This qualitative research involved 20 active PAUD schools as samples, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that digital parenting applications can improve the quality of parent-child educational interactions by 73%, facilitate child development monitoring, and create learning continuity between home and school. The main challenges include low parental digital literacy (42%), limited internet access (28%), and resistance to changes in traditional parenting patterns (35%). The most effective applications integrate real-time communication features, child development tracking, educational content libraries, and expert consultations. This research recommends developing digital literacy programs for parents, providing adequate technology infrastructure, and continuous training to optimize the use of technology in parenting. Implementation of digital parenting management has proven to support the achievement of sustainable education goals that are responsive to the needs of digital native generations.
The Role of Self-efficacy in Enhancing Employee Performance: A Phenomenological Analysis of Malaysian Hotel Sector
The hospitality industry faces significant challenges in maintaining consistent service quality amidst increasingly intense global competition. Employee Self-efficacy, or confidence in one’s own abilities, is a crucial factor influencing service performance; however, an in-depth understanding of its mechanisms within a multicultural context remains limited. This study aims to explore the Self-efficacy experiences of employees in international hotels in Malaysia and examine how these experiences impact their service performance. The findings reveal that employee Self-efficacy manifests in three key dimensions: confidence in technical abilities, adaptability, and interpersonal skills. The development of Self-efficacy occurs through four stages: acclimatization to workplace culture, experiential learning, internalization of organizational values, and the cultivation of specific expertise. Key supporting factors include comprehensive training systems, social support, fair reward systems, career development opportunities, team cultural diversity, and autonomy in decision-making. Self-efficacy plays a central role in determining the quality of hotel employee performance through complex mechanisms influenced by the multicultural workplace context. These findings provide theoretical contributions to the development of Self-efficacy theory within multicultural organizations and practical implications for human resource management in the hospitality industry.
Development Strategies of Local Cuisine in Supporting the Local Community Economy on Jalan Alor, Kuala Lumpur
Local cuisine not only represents cultural identity but also functions as a significant economic force. This study highlights the development strategies of local cuisine on Jalan Alor, Kuala Lumpur, which has transformed into a premier culinary tourism destination. The research aims to analyze product innovation strategies, marketing, and community involvement in driving local economic growth. The research method employed is a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document studies. Findings indicate that the success of Jalan Alor is supported by sustainable culinary innovation, digital promotion strategies, quality management, and informal community support. The economic impact created includes increased vendor income, job creation, and multiplier effects on other sectors. However, challenges such as sanitation, regulation, and resilience against global crises remain major obstacles. This study recommends the need for supportive policies and training programs for culinary business operators to ensure local economic sustainability.
Does Quality Assurance of Hotel Horison GKB Gresik East Java Matters Affecting Customer Loyalty?
In the era of increasingly competitive hospitality industry, the implementation of Quality Assurance has become a strategic factor in ensuring the quality of hospitality services in line with the company's quality management standards. This study aims to analyze the effect of Quality Assurance on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction at the Horison GKB Hotel in Gresik, East Java. This study uses a quantitative approach. The research variables are Quality Assurance, Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Loyalty. Data collection uses communication techniques and observation techniques with survey tools and direct observation at the Horison GKB Hotel in Gresik. In this study, a sample size of 153 was used, obtained from users of the Horison GKB Hotel in Gresik, East Java, who have met the criteria as determined in purposive sampling. Data analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS4 tools. The results show that Quality Assurance has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty both directly and indirectly. This finding confirms that Quality Assurance has a strategic role in building customer loyalty in the hospitality industry.